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Critical Access Hospitals

A Critical Access Hospital (or “CAH”) is a particular type of rural hospital (or one grandfathered in as rural) that is designated as such by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS).  For more information on CAH designation, payments, grants and resources, here is a Critical Access Hospital Fact Sheet.

CAH Directory

A Critical Access Hospital (or “CAH”) is a particular type of rural hospital (or one grandfathered in as rural) that is designated as such by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS).  For more information on CAH designation, payments, grants and resources, see this Critical Access Hospital Fact Sheet.
General information on Critical Access Hospitals.
  • State Operations Manual: Chapter 2— The Certification Process: This document from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) reviews the requirements for initial certification as well as guidance for relocating CAHs.
  • Appendix W of the State Operations Manual: Survey Protocol, Regulations and Interpretive Guidelines for Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) and Swing-Beds in CAHs
  • CMS Transmittals: CMS communications on new or changed policies and procedures.
  • A “Swing Bed” is a hospital room that can switch from acute care status to skilled care status. Here is a fact sheet about swing beds.

Location and Distance Regulations: 

The federal guidance for the Flex Program requires states to undertake programs and activities that support Quality Improvement (QI) activities of Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs). The Wisconsin Flex Program assists CAHs with various aspects of quality improvement activities, including program planning, data submission, data management and analysis, and best practice development. And, the Wisconsin Flex Program works with the following partners and uses these additional resources to assist CAHs with quality improvement activities.

Organizations and Partners in Quality

Statewide: 

Nationwide: 

Quality Improvement Resources

  • Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) – Rules, regulations, tools, resources, and policy briefings directly related to Medicare, Medicaid, and their impacts on CAHs.
  • Hospital Compare – CMS’ public quality measures data reporting tool.
  • QualityNet – Established by CMS and includes health care quality improvement research, news, data reporting tools, and other information used for health care quality improvement.
  • Joint Commission – Includes quality improvement certification, standards, and measurement criteria for hospitals, including CAHs.
  • Flex Monitoring Team – This website includes CAH specific quality and patient safety data, reports and studies.
  • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) –  Provides tools and research aimed at quality improvement and patient safety, health care coverage expansion, and addressing the Triple Aim.

MBQIP is a federal quality improvement initiative utilizing measures deemed relevant to rural settings. In Wisconsin, the project is managed by the Wisconsin Office of Rural Health.  Rural hospitals report measures in the areas of HCAHPS, Emergency Department Transfer Communications (EDTC), outpatient, and influenza immunization. More detailed information and resources are below, and feel free to contact Kathryn Miller at 608‑261‑1891 with questions.

The Wisconsin Office of Rural Health’s Flex Program has consistently received national recognition for MBQIP performance. In 2017, the Health Resources and Services Administration announced that Wisconsin Critical Access Hospitals had the highest reporting rates and levels of improvement nationally; Since 2019, Wisconsin CAHs have been among the top ten.

 

The links below provide more information.

Overview

Patient Safety

Outpatient

EDTC

HCAHPS

All hospitals, regardless of size and organizational structure, benefit from analyzing financial and operational performance. The Wisconsin Flex Program identifies financial and operational strengths and challenges in CAHs to implement activities designed to increase profitability.

Performance Improvement Resources and Links

Billing and Coding Regulations:

The SHIP program—Small Rural Hospital Improvement Program—is a federal grant program of the Health Services and Resources Administration (HRSA), and is administered in Wisconsin by the Wisconsin Office of Rural Health. All Critical Access Hospitals and small rural hospitals with fewer than fifty beds are eligible for the program.

What Can SHIP Funds Be Used For?

There are two ways to take part in the SHIP program:

Option 1) A SHIP-Eligible Project

Under this option, you choose a project to purchase from a menu of eligible services.

What kinds of projects can SHIP fund? 

SHIP projects can fund three main categories: value-based purchasing, Accountable Care Organization, and Payment Bundling/PPS. Federal guidelines state that hospitals that receive SHIP funds must use those funds to purchase training or hardware and software for the following valid areas:

  • Quality Reporting data collection—like payment for a core measures vendor,
  • HCAHPS vendor fees,
  • Billing coding systems,
  • Telemedicine purchases,
  • Training registrations.

The following are not eligible:

  • Equipment outside of telemedicine purchases,
  • Staff time and fringe, including time spent at trainings,
  • Travel costs,
  • Food and beverages.

If you choose this option, your hospital is required to comply with University of Wisconsin-Madison Purchasing rules. 

The National Rural Health Resource Center has created a SHIP Allowable Investments Search Tool that you can consult to confirm if an expense may be reimbursed using SHIP grant funds.

Option 2) Dashboard Project

Under this option, you participate in our Dashboard Project, administered in collaboration with the Wisconsin Hospital Association Information Center (WHAIC).

What is the Dashboard? 

The dashboard tool provides financial, quality, and other data/information for rural hospitals. The web-based tool is completely interactive, so you can customize it to meet your needs. The tool supports the comparison of rural hospital(s) to each other and/or to a rural cohort.

What does the Dashboard let me do? 

  • Examine hospital and Ambulatory Surgery Center resources and services
  • Analyze patient populations
  • Identify patterns, relationships, anomalies, and trends in services, patient populations and other factors
  • Evaluate charges and utilization for a specific service, hospital, ASV or market segment
  • Explore market opportunities and patterns for key services
  • Study payer mix impacts on charges, services and patient populations
  • Analyze quality metrics and financial data

What are the current dashboards?

  • Hospital summary
  • Top visit categories
  • Market share
  • Top CPT codes
  • Place of service
  • Financial charts
  • Shared patients
  • Service lines
  • Quality indicators
  • Readmissions
  • ED returns

For more on the Rural Health Dashboard Project, view a brochure from the Wisconsin Hospital Association Information Center. 

The Application

The Wisconsin Office of Rural Health lets the hospitals who are eligible for SHIP know how and when to apply. WORH is affiliated with the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health—so they are involved when it comes to contracts, billing, and invoicing.

Applications are submitted electronically. You must complete the online SHIP application, no matter which option you choose. A link to the application will be posted here when it becomes available.

You will be required to report on the progress of your current SHIP project, so you will need to know who is overseeing your hospital’s SHIP grant. Two “signatures” are required, one from the CEO and one from the SHIP Project Director. Electronic, typed signatures are acceptable.

Deadlines/Timeline

The SHIP grant is from June 1-May 31 every year. SHIP applications typically become become available in December, and are due to our office in January. Exact timing will depend on when the federal office (HRSA) releases the SHIP grant application. (Hospitals may not spend money before the contract is signed and counter-signed.)

Below is a timeline of SHIP deadlines, but the dates are subject to change.  More updates are sent out to our listserv; if you would like to be added to the list that contains important updates, contact Megan Polster, Program Assistant, at mepolster@wisc.edu or (608) 261-1891.

May 31.  SHIP grant year ends. Last date a purchase may be made for reimbursement.

June 1. SHIP grant year begins.

June. WORH will notify hospitals of the exact amount of funding for the new SHIP year.

June 15.  Final deadline to submit invoices for reimbursement for the passed SHIP year.

June/July. UW-Purchasing sends contracts to hospitals. Once completed, hospitals may make purchases and invoice WORH for reimbursement.

August-May 31.  After the UW-Madison Purchasing contract is signed and countersigned, hospitals may begin to send invoices to WORH for reimbursement as purchases are made.

December.  Application for the next SHIP year distributed to hospitals. All hospitals that wish to receive SHIP funds must complete an application.

Invoicing Instructions

Complete the invoicing template.

Download the SHIP Template.

Here is an Example SHIP Invoice.

The Purchase Order number and the total SHIP grant award can be found on your Funding Award agreement. Both of those numbers will change each year, so make sure you have your current year agreement.

Attach a copy of the original invoice from your vendor. Don’t forget to sign the invoice.

Send to the Wisconsin Office of Rural Health.

Invoices (and questions about invoices) can be directed to Megan Polster, Program Assistant, at mepolster@wisc.edu or (608) 261-1891.

Some tips: The award dollar amount will always be specific and never matches your invoices—but that’s okay. Let’s say you have an invoice from Press Ganey for $12,000 for HCAHPs surveys, and the SHIP award is $11,673. No problem. Report the expense date, description and amount on the template, then enter the amount of the SHIP award ($11,673) in the TOTAL DUE box.

Questions?

Contact Megan Polster, Program Assistant, at mepolster@wisc.edu or (608) 261-1891.

The Wisconsin Office of Rural Health receives grant funding from the Federal Office of Rural Health Policy (FORHP) for the Medicare Rural Hospital Flexibility (Flex) Program. The Flex Program, established by Congress in 1997, assisted small hospitals in converting to a Critical Access Hospitals (CAH) designation – decreasing rural hospital closures and improving rural health care access. The Flex Program has evolved over recent years, and now assists CAHs with quality improvement, financial and operational improvement, population health, and integration of Emergency Medical Services (EMS).

The Wisconsin Office of Rural Health’s Flex Program has received national recognition for Medicare Beneficiary Quality Improvement Project (MBQIP) performance. The Health Resources and Services Administration announced that Wisconsin Critical Access Hospitals have some of the highest reporting rates and levels of improvement nationally over the past several years.

AdventHealth Durand – Durand

Amery Regional Medical Center – Amery

Ascension Calumet Hospital– Chilton

Aspirus Stanley Hospital – Stanley

Aspirus Tomahawk Hospital – Tomahawk

Aspirus Eagle River Hospital – Eagle River

Aspirus Landglade Hospital – Antigo

Aspirus Medford Hospital & Clinics – Medford

Aspirus Merrill Hospital – Merrill

Bellin Health Hospital and Clinic – Oconto

Black River Memorial Hospital – Black River Falls

Burnett Medical Center – Grantsburg

Crossing Rivers Health Medical Center – Prairie du Chien

Cumberland Memorial Hospital – Cumberland

Door County Medical Center – Sturgeon Bay

Edgerton Hospital and Health Services – Edgerton

Essentia Health St. Mary’s Hospital – Superior – Superior

Grant Regional Health Center – Lancaster

Gundersen Boscobel Area Hospital & Clinics – Boscobel

Gundersen Tri-County Hospital & Clinics – Whitehall

Gundersen Moundview Hospital & Clinics – Friendship

Gundersen St. Joseph’s Hospitals & Clinics – Hillsboro

HSHS St. Clare Memorial Hospital – Oconto Falls

Hayward Area Memorial Hospital – Hayward

Hudson Hospital and Clinics – Hudson

Indianhead Medical Center – Shell Lake

Marshfield Medical Center- Ladysmith – Ladysmith

Marshfield Medical Center- Neillsville – Neillsville

Marshfield Medical Center- Park Falls – Park Falls

Mayo Clinic Health System Bloomer – Bloomer

Mayo Clinic Health System Franciscan Healthcare – Sparta

Mayo Clinic Health System Barron – Barron

Mayo Clinic Health System Menomonie – Menomonie

Mayo Clinic Health System Osseo – Osseo

Memorial Hospital of Lafayette County – Darlington

Memorial Medical Center – Ashland

Mercy Walworth Hospital and Medical Center – Lake Geneva

Osceola Medical Center – Osceola

Prairie Ridge Health – Columbus

Reedsburg Area Medical Center – Reedsburg

Richland Hospital, Inc. – Richland Center

River Falls Area Hospital – River Falls

SSM Health Ripon Community Hospital – Ripon

SSM Health Waupun Memorial Hospital – Waupun

Southwest Health Center – Platteville

Spooner Health System – Spooner

St. Croix Regional Medical Center – St. Croix Falls

Stoughton Health – Stoughton

ThedaCare Medical Center – Berlin

ThedaCare Medical Center – New London

ThedaCare Medical Center – Shawano

ThedaCare Medical Center – Waupaca

ThedaCare Medical Center – Wild Rose

Tomah Health – Tomah

Upland Hills Health – Dodgeville

Vernon Memorial Healthcare – Viroqua

Western Wisconsin Health – Baldwin

Westfields Hospital – New Richmond

2023 Pediatric Respiratory Care 3-part Series

Webinar 1:  Pediatric Respiratory Care: Updates and Evidence Based Practices. February 8, 2023, with Dr. Allie Hurst, Pediatric Emergency Medicine, UW School of Medicine and Public Health.

Webinar 2: Non-Accidental Trauma: Recognizing and Reporting Child Abuse in the Emergency Department. March 7, 2023. 12 PM – 1 PM CT

MP4 file can be found on our YouTube Channel.

Webinar 3: Pediatric Fever of Unknown Origin.

March 16, 2023. 12PM – 1PM.

MP4 File can be found on our YouTube Channel.

2023 CAH Finance Webinar 3-part Series

CAH Financial and Operational Best Practices

In an environment of increasing cost and stagnant reimbursement, CAHs must do everything necessary to improve their financial stability. This presentation identifies a small but focused set of tactics CAHs can implement to improve their financial and operational performance.

WI #1 – CAH Financial & Operational Best Practices_Presentation Slides

Recording

CAH Reimbursement: Using the Cost Report to Reveal Opportunities

Most organizations view the Medicare Cost Report as a tedious administrative task and to many CFOs, a hassle. As a result, CAHs often fail to acknowledge the direct impact the cost report has on CAH reimbursement. This presentation highlights the importance of the Medicare Cost Report and explains how to leverage the cost report as a part of the managerial decision-making process.

WI #2 – CAH Cost Report – Presentation Slides

Recording

Establishing a High-Functioning Revenue Cycle Department

Revenue cycle remains one of the best opportunities for hospitals to improve operational efficiencies due to its complexity and core function. This presentation walks participants through the full revenue cycle value chain while identifying common pitfalls that impact revenue.

WI #3 – Maintaining a High Functioning Revenue Cycle Department – Presentation Slides

Recording

For more information on the series, please contact Megan Polster.

Staff Contact:

John Eich

eich@wisc.edu

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